El Papel de las Dietas en la Prevención y el Tratamiento de la Hipertensión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54783/influencejournal.v4i2.40Abstract
La hipertensión arterial es uno de los problemas de salud pública en el mundo en la última década. Varios estudios muestran que la hipertensión es un factor de riesgo importante en la aparición de accidentes cerebrovasculares, cardiopatía isquémica e insuficiencia renal. La terapia de hipertensión puede reducir el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular en un 40 % y el riesgo de infarto de miocardio hasta en un 15 %. Los cambios en el estilo de vida que forman parte del tratamiento de la hipertensión pueden reducir la presión arterial, aumentar la eficacia de los fármacos antihipertensivos y reducir el riesgo cardiovascular. La modificación de los patrones de ingesta diaria de alimentos es uno de los componentes de los cambios en el estilo de vida que tienen el papel más importante en la reducción de la presión arterial. La modificación de los patrones de ingesta de alimentos a los que se hace referencia es seguir las pautas generales para una nutrición equilibrada también de acuerdo con el enfoque dietético para detener la hipertensión (DASH), que es alto en verduras y frutas, alimentos ricos en fibra, leche baja en grasa, carne, y nueces También hay que tener en cuenta la ingesta de energía, la cantidad y el tipo de proteínas, y los componentes de grasas e hidratos de carbono. Además, los alimentos son ricos en minerales y vitaminas, y ciertos nutrientes, como los ácidos grasos insaturados omega-3, tienen un papel en la prevención y el control de la hipertensión.
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